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Glutamine supplementation prevents exercise‐induced neutrophil apoptosis and reduces p38 MAPK and JNK phosphorylation and p53 and caspase 3 expression
Author(s) -
Lagranha Claudia J.,
Hirabara Sandro M.,
Curi Rui,
PithonCuri Tania C.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
cell biochemistry and function
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.933
H-Index - 61
eISSN - 1099-0844
pISSN - 0263-6484
DOI - 10.1002/cbf.1421
Subject(s) - p38 mitogen activated protein kinases , phosphorylation , kinase , apoptosis , mapk/erk pathway , glutamine , caspase 3 , protein kinase a , bcl xl , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , chemistry , medicine , endocrinology , biochemistry , programmed cell death , amino acid
We have previously shown that a single session of exercise induces DNA fragmentation, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, increases expression of pro‐apoptotic genes (bax and bcl‐xS) and decreases expression of anti‐apoptotic genes (bcl‐xL) in rat neutrophils. Glutamine supplementation had a protective effect in the apoptosis induced by a single session of exercise. The mechanism involved in the effect of single session of exercise to induce apoptosis was investigated by measuring expression of p53 and caspase 3 and phosphorylation of p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinases (MAPK) and cJun NH 2 ‐terminal kinase (JNK) in neutrophils from rats supplemented or not with glutamine. Exercise was carried out on a treadmill for 1 h and the rats were killed by decapitation. Neutrophils were obtained by intraperitoneal (i.p.) lavage with PBS, 4 h after injection of oyster glycogen solution. Glutamine supplementation (1g per Kg b.w.) was given by gavage 1 h before the exercise session. Gene expression and protein phosphorylation were then analyzed by reverse transcriptase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) and Western blotting, respectively. A single session of exercise increased p38 MAPK and JNK phosphorylation and p53 and caspase 3 expression. Glutamine supplementation partially prevented the increase in p38 MAPK and JNK phosphorylation and p53 expression, and fully abolished the increase in caspase 3 expression. Thus, neutrophil apoptosis induced by a single session of exercise is accompanied by increased p53 and caspase 3 expression and p38 MAPK and JNK phosphorylation. Glutamine supplementation prevents these effects of exercise and reduces apoptosis. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.