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Immunostimulatory Activity of Polysaccharides Extracted from Celosia cristata Flowers
Author(s) -
Park JinSu,
Han JunHyuk,
Jung Lee Sue,
Shin KwangSoon,
Kim YonSuk,
Kang JuHui,
Lee SeBin,
Kang TaeBong,
Lee KwangHo
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
chemistry and biodiversity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.427
H-Index - 70
eISSN - 1612-1880
pISSN - 1612-1872
DOI - 10.1002/cbdv.202100031
Subject(s) - innate immune system , immune system , polysaccharide , chemistry , nitric oxide , galactose , biochemistry , receptor , biology , immunology , organic chemistry
Macrophages play a major role in innate immune responses by producing a variety of immune mediators and cytokines. The stimulation of macrophages by natural products may lead to an enhanced innate immune system. This study evaluated the immunostimulatory effects of a polysaccharide‐rich crude fraction of Celosia cristata L. flowers (CCP) on murine macrophages. CCP treatment induced the production of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase‐2, and cytokines by macrophages. Mechanistically, the activation of mitogen‐activated protein kinases, NF‐κB and toll‐like receptor 4 were found to be associated with the stimulatory functions of CCP. CCP was found to be primarily composed of galacturonic acid and glucose in addition to small amounts of arabinose and galactose. This study demonstrated that CCP may enhance the innate immune responses and potentially improve the immune functions in the body.