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Aromatic Plants from Plateau des Cataractes: Occurrence of the Citronella Chemotype of Cymbopogon flexuosus ( Nees ex Steud .) W. Watson Acclimatized in Congo‐Brazzaville
Author(s) -
Silou Thomas,
Nsikabaka Samuel,
Nombault Nienzy Jayneureuse P.,
Baou Andeouene,
Biassala Thérèse Eliane,
Figuérédo Gilles,
Chalchat JeanClaude
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
chemistry and biodiversity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.427
H-Index - 70
eISSN - 1612-1880
pISSN - 1612-1872
DOI - 10.1002/cbdv.201800446
Subject(s) - chemotype , citral , botany , essential oil , cymbopogon citratus , biology , horticulture
Cymbopogon flexuosus var. flexuosus (citral chemotype) was introduced in a local plantation in 2006 at Plateau des Cataractes, Congo‐Brazzaville to remedy the difficult adaptation and low production of essential oil of C. citratus , a source of citral. After some 10 years of acclimatization, C. flexuosus had adapted perfectly with a very high biomass and essential oil production. A citronella chemotype ( Cymbopogon flexuosus var. albescens ) was unexpectedly identified among lemongrass in the field, grown in a local experimental citronella plot covering 0.25 ha. Its essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC and GC/MS to determine its chemotype. The citronella chemotype indicated by the chemical profile found was confirmed by descriptive statistics (radar plot) and by principal component analysis (PCA) and ascending hierarchical clustering (AHC).