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Isolation and Antifouling Activity of Azulene Derivatives from the Antarctic Gorgonian Acanthogorgia laxa
Author(s) -
Patiño Cano Laura P.,
Quintana Manfredi Rodrigo,
Pérez Miriam,
García Mónica,
Blustein Guillermo,
Cordeiro Ralf,
Pérez Carlos D.,
Schejter Laura,
Palermo Jorge A.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
chemistry and biodiversity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.427
H-Index - 70
eISSN - 1612-1880
pISSN - 1612-1872
DOI - 10.1002/cbdv.201700425
Subject(s) - gorgonian , biofouling , chemistry , balanus , bioassay , environmental chemistry , larva , biology , ecology , biochemistry , coral , membrane
Three azulenoid sesquiterpenes ( 1 – 3 ) were isolated from the Antarctic gorgonian Acanthogorgia laxa collected by bottom trawls at −343 m. Besides linderazulene ( 1 ), and the known ketolactone 2 , a new brominated C 16 linderazulene derivative ( 3 ) was also identified. This compound has an extra carbon atom at C(7) of the linderazulene framework. The antifouling activity of compounds 1 and 2 was assayed in the laboratory with Artemia salina larvae, and also in field tests, by incorporation in soluble‐matrix experimental antifouling paints. The results obtained after a 45 days field trial of the paints, showed that compounds 1 and 2 displayed good antifouling potencies against a wide array of organisms. Compound 3 , a benzylic bromide, was unstable and for this reason was not submitted to bioassays. Two known cembranolides: pukalide and epoxypukalide, were also identified as minor components of the extract.