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Qualitative HPLC‐DAD/ESI‐TOF‐MS Analysis, Cytotoxic, and Apoptotic Effects of Croatian Endemic Centaurea ragusina L. Aqueous Extracts
Author(s) -
Radan Mila,
Carev Ivana,
Tešević Vele,
Politeo Olivera,
Čulić Vedrana Čikeš
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
chemistry and biodiversity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.427
H-Index - 70
eISSN - 1612-1880
pISSN - 1612-1872
DOI - 10.1002/cbdv.201700099
Subject(s) - quinic acid , chemistry , sesquiterpene , chlorogenic acid , sesquiterpene lactone , malic acid , apoptosis , high performance liquid chromatography , cytotoxic t cell , mtt assay , genotoxicity , citric acid , biochemistry , traditional medicine , chromatography , in vitro , stereochemistry , toxicity , organic chemistry , medicine
Centaurea ragusina L., an endemic Croatian plant species, revealed a good cytotoxic activity of aqueous extracts (AE) on human bladder (T24) and human glioblastoma (A1235) cancer cell lines. The chemical constituents were tentatively identified using high performance liquid chromatography HPLC‐DAD/ESI‐TOF‐MS in negative ionization mode. The main compounds of herba extract were sesquiterpene lactones: solstitialin A 3,13‐diacetate and epoxyrepdiolide; organic acid: quinic acid. The main compounds of flower extract were organic acids: quinic acid, citric acid, and malic acid; sesquiterpene lactone: cynaropicrin; phenolic compounds: chlorogenic acid and phenylpropanoid: syringin. The AE of C . ragusina were investigated for correlation of their effects on human bladder (T24) and human glioblastoma (A1235) cancer cell lines using the MTT assay. Although both extracts showed significant dose‐ and time‐dependent cytotoxic activity against both cancer cell lines, the flower extract exhibited slightly higher activity. In order to determine type of cell death induced by treatment, cell lines were exposed subsequently to a treatment with both flower and herba AE. The majority of the cells died by induced apoptosis treatment. Flower AE (26.25%), compared to a leaf AE (22.15%) showed slightly higher percentage of an apoptosis in T24 cells, when compared to a non‐treated cells (0.04%).