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Phytochemical and Cytogenetic Characterization of Centaurea solstitialis L. (Asteraceae) from Croatia
Author(s) -
Carev Ivana,
Ruščić Mirko,
Skočibušić Mirjana,
Maravić Ana,
SiljakYakovlev Sonja,
Politeo Olivera
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
chemistry and biodiversity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.427
H-Index - 70
eISSN - 1612-1880
pISSN - 1612-1872
DOI - 10.1002/cbdv.201600213
Subject(s) - asteraceae , phytochemical , centaurea , botany , chemistry , traditional medicine , biology , medicine
The cytogenetic characterization of Centaurea solstitialis L. (Asteraceae) showed a chromosome number of 2 n = 16. Karyotype is composed by four pairs of metacentric, two pairs of submetacentric and two pairs of subtelocentric chromosomes. Physical mapping of two rDNA probes revealed two loci of 35S and one locus of 5S rRNA genes. Chromomycin fluorochrome banding revealed that all rDNA loci were GC rich. The genome size (2C‐value) of 1.95 pg classes this species in the group of very small genomes. Chemical composition of C . solstitialis volatile oil (VO) from Croatia, studied with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry showed dominant components as it follows: hexadecanoic acid, α ‐linolenic acid, germacrene D and heptacosane. Antioxidant capacity, measured by ferric reducing power assay and 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl methods, as well as inhibition of acetyl‐ and butyrylcholinesterase of VO was lower comparing to a standard solutions. Volatile oil tested with disc diffusion method showed good inhibitory potential against Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Escherichia coli and all tested fungi: Candida albicans , Penicillium funiculosum and Aspergillus fumigatus . The microdilution method showed best activity against Chronobacter sakazakii and A . fumigatus .