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Quantification of Anti‐Addictive Alkaloids Ibogaine and Voacangine in In Vivo‐ and In Vitro ‐Grown Plants of Two Mexican Tabernaemontana Species
Author(s) -
Krengel Felix,
Herrera Santoyo Josefina,
Olivera Flores Teresa de Jesús,
Chávez Ávila Víctor M.,
Pérez Flores Francisco J.,
Reyes Chilpa Ricardo
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
chemistry and biodiversity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.427
H-Index - 70
eISSN - 1612-1880
pISSN - 1612-1872
DOI - 10.1002/cbdv.201600146
Subject(s) - apocynaceae , callus , indole alkaloid , somatic embryogenesis , botany , alkaloid , phytochemical , chemistry , medicinal plants , explant culture , biology , in vitro , biochemistry
Tabernaemontana alba and Tabernaemontana arborea are Apocynaceae species used in Mexican traditional medicine for which little phytochemical information exists. In this study, preliminary gas chromatography/mass spectrometry analyses of different organs obtained from wild plants of both species identified a total of 10 monoterpenoid indole alkaloids ( MIA s) and one simple indole alkaloid, nine of which were reported for the first time in these species. Furthermore, callus cultures were established from T . alba leaf explants and regeneration of whole plants was accomplished via somatic embryogenesis. The anti‐addictive MIA s ibogaine and voacangine were then quantified by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection in wild plants of both species, as well as greenhouse‐grown plants, in vitro ‐grown plantlets and embryogenic callus of T . alba . Ibogaine and voacangine were present in most samples taken from the whole plants of both species, with stem and root barks showing the highest concentrations. No alkaloids were detected in callus samples. It was concluded that T . alba and T . arborea are potentially viable sources of ibogaine and voacangine, and that these MIA s can be produced through somatic embryogenesis and whole plant regeneration of T . alba . Approaches to increase MIA yields in whole plants and to achieve alkaloid production directly in cell cultures are discussed.