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Antimicrobial Activity of Rosmarinus officinalis against Oral Pathogens: Relevance of Carnosic Acid and Carnosol
Author(s) -
Bernardes Wagner A.,
Lucarini Rodrigo,
Tozatti Marcos G.,
Souza Maria G. M.,
Andrade Silva Márcio L.,
da Silva Filho Ademar A.,
Martins Carlos H. Gomes,
Miller Crotti Antonio E.,
Pauletti Patricia M.,
Groppo Milton,
Cunha Wilson R.
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
chemistry and biodiversity
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.427
H-Index - 70
eISSN - 1612-1880
pISSN - 1612-1872
DOI - 10.1002/cbdv.200900301
Subject(s) - carnosic acid , rosmarinus , rosmarinic acid , officinalis , chemistry , streptococcus sobrinus , antimicrobial , broth microdilution , oleanolic acid , enterococcus faecalis , ursolic acid , fructooligosaccharide , minimum inhibitory concentration , traditional medicine , chromatography , food science , streptococcus mutans , bacteria , biology , biochemistry , essential oil , antioxidant , alternative medicine , genetics , medicine , organic chemistry , escherichia coli , gene , pathology
The in vitro inhibitory activity of crude EtOH/H 2 O extracts from the leaves and stems of Rosmarinus officinalis L. was evaluated against the following microorganisms responsible for initiating dental caries: Streptococcus mutans, S. salivarius, S. sobrinus, S. mitis, S. sanguinis , and Enterococcus faecalis. Minimum inhibitory concentrations ( MIC ) were determined with the broth microdilution method. The bioassay‐guided fractionation of the leaf extract, which displayed the higher antibacterial activity than the stem extract, led to the identification of carnosic acid ( 2 ) and carnosol ( 3 ) as the major compounds in the fraction displaying the highest activity, as identified by HPLC analysis. Rosmarinic acid ( 1 ), detected in another fraction, did not display any activity against the selected microorganisms. HPLC Analysis revealed the presence of low amounts of ursolic acid ( 4 ) and oleanolic acid ( 5 ) in the obtained fractions. The results suggest that the antimicrobial activity of the extract from the leaves of R. officinalis may be ascribed mainly to the action of 2 and 3 .