Isolation, Structure Elucidation, and Antimycobacterial Properties of Dimeric Naphtho‐ γ ‐pyrones from the Marine‐Derived Fungus Aspergillus carbonarius

Two new dimeric naphtho‐ γ ‐pyrones, compounds 1 and 2 , were isolated from the AcOEt extract of the fungal strain WZ‐4‐11 of Aspergillus carbonarius , together with eight known analogues, including 10,10′‐bifonsecin B ( 3 ), 6′‐ O ‐demethylnigerone ( 4 ), nigerone ( 5 ), isonigerone ( 6 ), fonsecin ( 7 ), rubrofusarin B ( 8 ), TMC 256A1 ( 9 ), and flavasperone ( 10 ). Their structures were elucidated by means of UV, CD, IR, and 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR spectroscopy, in combination with HR‐MS analysis. The fully assigned 1 H‐ and 13 C‐NMR data of 3 , and the 13 C‐NMR data of 6 are reported for the first time. Compounds 1 and 2 showed weak antimycobacterial activities against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv, with MIC values of 43.0 and 21.5 μ M , resp.