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Interaction with proactive and reactive agents in box manipulation tasks in virtual environments
Author(s) -
Liu KuanYu,
Volonte Matias,
Hsu YuChun,
Babu Sabarish V.,
Wong SaiKeung
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
computer animation and virtual worlds
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.225
H-Index - 49
eISSN - 1546-427X
pISSN - 1546-4261
DOI - 10.1002/cav.1881
Subject(s) - computer science , avatar , human–computer interaction , task (project management) , control (management) , path (computing) , virtual machine , artificial intelligence , computer network , management , economics , operating system
This paper studies the user collaboration experience with proactive and reactive agents in transporting boxes in virtual environments. Two main characters, the avatar and the agent, are controlled by a user and a controller, respectively. The user and the agent communicate with each other by voice. The agent can be proactive or reactive. The user follows the instruction issued by the proactive agent, whereas the user instructs the reactive agent to perform actions. The goal is to transport boxes to goal positions with orientation constraints. We conducted a user study to analyze the behaviors of participants in several aspects, including task completion time, path length, control experience, and co‐presence experience. We report our findings and make suggestions for future development.