Open AccessInterleukin‐25: New perspective and state‐of‐the‐art in cancer prognosis and treatment approaches
Author(s) -
Gowhari Shabgah Arezoo,
Amir Azwar,
Gardanova Zhanna R.,
Olegovna Zekiy Angelina,
Thangavelu Lakshmi,
Ebrahimi Nik Maryam,
Ahmadi Majid,
Gholizadeh Navashenaq Jamshid
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
cancer medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.403
H-Index - 53
ISSN - 2045-7634
DOI - 10.1002/cam4.4060
Subject(s) - tumor microenvironment , tumor progression , cancer research , cancer , immune system , medicine , cytokine , immunology
Cancer is a leading cause of death which imposes a substantial financial burden. Among the several mechanisms involved in cancer progression, imbalance of immune cell‐derived factors such as cytokines and chemokines plays a central role. IL‐25, as a member of the IL‐17 cytokine subfamily, exerts a paradoxical role in cancer, including tumor supportive and tumor suppressive. Hence, we have tried to clarify the role of IL‐25 and its receptor in tumor progression and cancer prognosis. It has been confirmed that IL‐25 exerts a tumor‐suppressive role through inducing infiltration of eosinophils and B cells into the tumor microenvironment and activating the apoptotic pathways. In contrast, the tumor‐supportive function has been implemented by activating inflammatory cascades, promoting cell cycle, and inducing type‐2 immune responses. Since IL‐25 has been dysregulated in tumor tissues and this dysregulation is involved in cancer development, its examination can be used as a tumor diagnostic and prognostic biomarker. Moreover, IL‐25‐based therapeutic approaches have shown promising results in cancer inhibition. In cancers in which IL‐25 has a tumor‐suppressive function, employing IL‐25‐enhancing approaches, such as Virulizin ® and dihydrobenzofuran administration, has potentially inhibited tumor cell growth. On the other hand, in the case of IL‐25‐dependent tumor progression, using IL‐25 blocking methods, including anti‐IL‐25 antibodies, might be a complementary approach to the other anticancer agent. Collectively, it is hoped, IL‐25 might be a promising target in cancer treatment.