Open AccessA modifiable risk factors atlas of lung cancer: A Mendelian randomization study
Author(s) -
Shen Jiayi,
Zhou Huaqiang,
Liu Jiaqing,
Zhang Yaxiong,
Zhou Ting,
Yang Yunpeng,
Fang Wenfeng,
Huang Yan,
Zhang Li
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
cancer medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.403
H-Index - 53
ISSN - 2045-7634
DOI - 10.1002/cam4.4015
Subject(s) - mendelian randomization , lung cancer , medicine , socioeconomic status , oncology , docosapentaenoic acid , docosahexaenoic acid , environmental health , polyunsaturated fatty acid , population , biology , fatty acid , genotype , genetics , genetic variants , gene , biochemistry
Abstract Background There has been no study systematically assessing the causal effects of putative modifiable risk factors on lung cancer. In this study, we aimed to construct a modifiable risk factors atlas of lung cancer by using the two‐sample Mendelian randomization framework. Methods We included 46 modifiable risk factors identified in previous studies. Traits with p ‐value smaller than 0.05 were considered as suggestive risk factors. While the Bonferroni corrected p ‐value for significant risk factors was set to be 8.33 × 10 −4 . Results In this two‐sample Mendelian randomization analysis, we found that higher socioeconomic status was significantly correlated with lower risk of lung cancer, including years of schooling, college or university degree, and household income. While cigarettes smoked per day, time spent watching TV, polyunsaturated fatty acids, docosapentaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and arachidonic acid in blood were significantly associated with higher risk of lung cancer. Suggestive risk factors for lung cancer were found to be serum vitamin A1, copper in blood, docosahexaenoic acid in blood, and body fat percentage. Conclusions This study provided the first Mendelian randomization assessment of the causality between previously reported risk factors and lung cancer risk. Several modifiable targets, concerning socioeconomic status, lifestyle, dietary, and obesity, should be taken into consideration for the development of primary prevention strategies for lung cancer.