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Three‐Dimensional Territory and Depth of the Corrugator Supercilii
Author(s) -
Lee HyungJin,
Lee KangWoo,
Tansatit Tanvaa,
Kim HeeJin
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
clinical anatomy
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.667
H-Index - 71
eISSN - 1098-2353
pISSN - 0897-3806
DOI - 10.1002/ca.23507
Subject(s) - glabella , medicine , cadaver , canthus , palpebral fissure , anatomy , forehead , eyelid , ophthalmology
This study aimed to determine the three‐dimensional (3D) territory and depth of the corrugator supercilii muscle (CSM) using a 3D structured‐light scanner. Thirty‐two hemifaces from Korean and Thai embalmed cadavers were used in this study, and 35 healthy young Korean subjects also participated. A 3D analysis of the CSM territory and depth was performed using a structured‐light 3D scanner. The most frequently observed locations of the CSM identified in the cadaver were confirmed in healthy young subjects using a real‐time two‐dimensional B‐mode ultrasonography system. The CSM was present in all of the cadavers and healthy young subjects at the intersection point between the vertical line passing through the medial canthus and the horizontal line passing through the glabella (Point #6). The CSM was located on the medial side of the lateral limbus in most cases. The most‐medial and most‐lateral origin points were at depths of 5.7 ± 1.4 mm (mean ± SD) and 6.6 ± 1.4 mm, respectively; the corresponding depths of the insertion points were 5.4 ± 1.4 mm and 5.6 ± 2.1 mm, respectively. The origin and insertion points of the CSM were at similar depths. The injection depth should be around 4 mm for botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) injections into the CSM. Point #6 could be regarded as an effective target point for managing the glabellar frown line and preventing palpebral ptosis when injecting BoNT into the CSM. Clin. Anat., 33:795–803, 2020. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.