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Human surrogates for injury biomechanics research
Author(s) -
Crandall J.R.,
Bose D.,
Forman J.,
Untaroiu C.D.,
ArreguiDalmases C.,
Shaw C.G.,
Kerrigan J.R.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
clinical anatomy
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.667
H-Index - 71
eISSN - 1098-2353
pISSN - 0897-3806
DOI - 10.1002/ca.21152
Subject(s) - medicine , crash , biomechanics , poison control , human factors and ergonomics , injury prevention , human research , physical medicine and rehabilitation , engineering ethics , medical emergency , engineering , computer science , physiology , programming language
This article reviews the attributes of the human surrogates most commonly used in injury biomechanics research. In particular, the merits of human cadavers, human volunteers, animals, dummies, and computational models are assessed relative to their ability to characterize the living human response and injury in an impact environment. Although data obtained from these surrogates have enabled biomechanical engineers and designers to develop effective injury countermeasures for occupants and pedestrians involved in crashes, the magnitude of the traffic safety problem necessitates expanded efforts in research and development. This article makes the case that while there are limitations and challenges associated with any particular surrogate, each provides a critical and necessary component in the continued quest to reduce crash‐related injuries and fatalities. Clin. Anat. 24:362–371, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.