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Bioassembly of three‐dimensional embryonic stem cell‐scaffold complexes using compressed gases
Author(s) -
Xie Yubing,
Yang Yong,
Kang Xihai,
Li Ruth,
Volakis Leonithas I.,
Zhang Xulang,
Lee L. James,
Kniss Douglas A.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
biotechnology progress
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.572
H-Index - 129
eISSN - 1520-6033
pISSN - 8756-7938
DOI - 10.1002/btpr.151
Subject(s) - embryoid body , embryonic stem cell , tissue engineering , scaffold , microbiology and biotechnology , cell , stem cell , chemistry , morphogenesis , in vivo , biophysics , materials science , biomedical engineering , biology , induced pluripotent stem cell , biochemistry , gene , genetics , medicine
Tissues are composed of multiple cell types in a well‐organized three‐dimensional (3D) microenvironment. To faithfully mimic the tissue in vivo , tissue‐engineered constructs should have well‐defined 3D chemical and spatial control over cell behavior to recapitulate developmental processes in tissue‐ and organ‐specific differentiation and morphogenesis. It is a challenge to build a 3D complex from two‐dimensional (2D) patterned structures with the presence of cells. In this study, embryonic stem (ES) cells grown on polymeric scaffolds with well‐defined microstructure were constructed into a multilayer cell‐scaffold complex using low pressure carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and nitrogen (N 2 ). The mouse ES cells in the assembled constructs were viable, retained the ES cell‐specific gene expression of Oct‐4, and maintained the formation of embryoid bodies (EBs). In particular, cell viability was increased from 80% to 90% when CO 2 was replaced with N 2 . The compressed gas‐assisted bioassembly of stem cell‐polymer constructs opens up a new avenue for tissue engineering and cell therapy. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 2009