Open AccessApplications of decellularized extracellular matrix in bone and cartilage tissue engineering
Author(s) -
Kim Yu Seon,
Majid Marjan,
Melchiorri Anthony J.,
Mikos Antonios G.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
bioengineering and translational medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2380-6761
DOI - 10.1002/btm2.10110
Subject(s) - decellularization , cartilage , extracellular matrix , tissue engineering , biomaterial , biomedical engineering , matrix (chemical analysis) , materials science , microbiology and biotechnology , anatomy , biology , medicine , composite material
Regenerative therapies for bone and cartilage injuries are currently unable to replicate the complex microenvironment of native tissue. There are many tissue engineering approaches attempting to address this issue through the use of synthetic materials. Although synthetic materials can be modified to simulate the mechanical and biochemical properties of the cell microenvironment, they do not mimic in full the multitude of interactions that take place within tissue. Decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) has been established as a biomaterial that preserves a tissue's native environment, promotes cell proliferation, and provides cues for cell differentiation. The potential of dECM as a therapeutic agent is rising, but there are many limitations of dECM restricting its use. This review discusses the recent progress in the utilization of bone and cartilage dECM through applications as scaffolds, particles, and supplementary factors in bone and cartilage tissue engineering.