Open AccessBackground and distribution of lobar microbleeds in cognitive dysfunction
Author(s) -
Matsuyama Hirofumi,
Ii Yuichiro,
Maeda Masayuki,
Umino Maki,
Ueda Yukito,
Tabei Kenichi,
Kida Hirotaka,
Satoh Masayuki,
Shindo Akihiro,
Taniguchi Akira,
Takahashi Ryosuke,
Tomimoto Hidekazu
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
brain and behavior
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.915
H-Index - 41
ISSN - 2162-3279
DOI - 10.1002/brb3.856
Subject(s) - cosmic microwave background , dementia , medicine , cerebral amyloid angiopathy , astrophysics , physics , disease , quantum mechanics , anisotropy
Objectives Cerebral microbleeds ( CMB s) are often observed in memory clinic patients. It has been generally accepted that deep CMB s (D‐ CMB s) result from hypertensive vasculopathy ( HV ), whereas strictly lobar CMB s ( SL ‐ CMB s) result from cerebral amyloid angiopathy ( CAA ) which frequently coexists with Alzheimer's disease ( AD ). Mixed CMB s (M‐ CMB s) have been partially attributed to HV and also partially attributed to CAA . The aim of this study was to elucidate the differences between SL ‐ CMB s and M‐ CMB s in terms of clinical features and regional distribution. Materials We examined 176 sequential patients in our memory clinic for clinical features and CMB location using susceptibility‐weighted images obtained on a 3T‐ MRI . The number of lobar CMB s in SL ‐ CMB s and M‐ CMB s was counted in each cerebral lobe and their regional density was adjusted according to the volume of each lobe. Results Of the total 176 patients, 111 patients (63.1%) had CMB s. Within the patients who had CMB s, M‐ CMB s were found in 54 patients (48.6%), followed by SL ‐ CMB s in 35 (31.5%) and D‐ CMB s in 19 (17.1%). The SL ‐ CMB group showed a significantly higher prevalence of family history of dementia, whereas the M‐ CMB group showed an increasing trend toward hypertension and smoking. The prevalence of AD was significantly higher in the SL ‐ CMB s group, whereas the prevalence of AD with cerebrovascular disease was higher in the M‐ CMB s group. The regional density of lobar CMB s was significantly higher in the occipital lobe in the M‐ CMB group, whereas the SL ‐ CMB group showed higher regional density between regions an increasing tendency in the parietal and occipital lobe. Conclusion The between‐group differences in clinical features and regional distribution indicate there to be an etiological relationship of SL ‐ CMB s to AD and CAA , and M‐ CMB s to both HV and CAA .