Open AccessGenetic, psychosocial, and demographic factors associated with social disinhibition in M exican‐origin youth
Author(s) -
Archer Natalie P.,
Wilkinson Anna V.,
Ranjit Nalini,
Wang Jian,
Zhao Hua,
Swann Alan C.,
Shete Sanjay
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
brain and behavior
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.915
H-Index - 41
ISSN - 2162-3279
DOI - 10.1002/brb3.236
Subject(s) - disinhibition , sensation seeking , psychosocial , psychology , single nucleotide polymorphism , population , clinical psychology , developmental psychology , personality , medicine , psychiatry , genetics , social psychology , biology , environmental health , genotype , gene
Abstract Introduction The genetic heritability for sensation‐seeking tendencies ranges from 40 to 60%. Sensation‐seeking behaviors typically manifest during adolescence and are associated with alcohol and cigarette experimentation in adolescents. Social disinhibition is an aspect of sensation‐seeking that is closely tied to cigarette and alcohol experimentation. Methods We examined the contribution of candidate genes to social disinhibition among 1132 Mexican origin youth in Houston, Texas, adjusting for established demographic and psychosocial risk factors. Saliva samples were obtained at baseline in 2005–06, and social disinhibition and other psychosocial data were obtained in 2008–09. Participants were genotyped for 672 functional and tagging SNP s potentially related to sensation‐seeking, risk‐taking, smoking, and alcohol use. Results Six SNP s were significantly associated with social disinhibition scores, after controlling for false discovery and adjusting for population stratification and relevant demographic/psychosocial characteristics. Minor alleles for three of the SNP s (rs1998220 on OPRM 1 ; rs9534511 on HTR 2A ; and rs4938056 on HTR 3B ) were associated with increased risk of social disinhibition, while minor alleles for the other three SNP s (rs1003921 on KCNC 1 ; rs16116 downstream of NPY ; and rs16870286 on LINC 00518 ) exhibited a protective effect. Age, linguistic acculturation, thrill and adventure‐seeking, and drug and alcohol‐seeking were all significantly positively associated with increased risk of social disinhibition in a multivariable model ( P < 0.001). Conclusions These results add to our knowledge of genetic risk factors for social disinhibition. Additional research is needed to verify whether these SNP s are associated with social disinhibition among youth of different ethnicities and nationalities, and to elucidate whether and how these SNP s functionally contribute to social disinhibition.