Open AccessOrganization of projection from brainstem auditory nuclei to the inferior colliculus of Japanese house bat ( Pipistrellus abramus )
Author(s) -
Ito Tetsufumi,
Furuyama Takafumi,
Hase Kazuma,
Kobayasi Kohta I.,
Hiryu Shizuko
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
brain and behavior
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.915
H-Index - 41
ISSN - 2162-3279
DOI - 10.1002/brb3.1059
Subject(s) - inferior colliculus , lateral lemniscus , superior olivary complex , brainstem , human echolocation , neuroscience , cochlear nucleus , biology , nucleus , auditory system , auditory cortex , inferior colliculi , anatomy , glutamatergic , dorsal cochlear nucleus , trapezoid body , glutamate receptor , biochemistry , receptor
Abstract Objectives Echolocating bats show remarkable specialization which is related to analysis of echoes of biosonars in subcortical auditory brainstem pathways. The inferior colliculus ( IC ) receives inputs from all lower brainstem auditory nuclei, i.e., cochlear nuclei, nuclei of the lateral lemniscus, and superior olivary complex, and create de novo responses to sound, which is considered crucial for echolocation. Inside the central nucleus of the IC ( ICC ), small domains which receive specific combination of extrinsic inputs are the basis of integration of sound information. In addition to extrinsic inputs, each domain is interconnected by local IC neurons but the cell types related to the interconnection are not well‐understood. The primary objective of the current study is to examine whether the ascending inputs are reorganized and terminate in microdomains inside the ICC . Methods We made injection of a retrograde tracer into different parts of the ICC , and analyzed distribution of retrogradely labeled cells in the auditory brainstem of Japanese house bat ( Pipistrellus abramus ). Results Pattern of ascending projections from brainstem nuclei was similar to other bat species. Percentages of labeled cells in several nuclei were correlated each other. Furthermore, within the IC , we identified that large GABA ergic ( LG ) and glutamatergic neurons made long‐range connection. Conclusions Synaptic organization of IC of Japanese house bat shows specialization which is likely to relate for echolocation. Input nuclei to the IC make clusters which terminate in specific part of the ICC , implying the presence of microdomains. LG neurons have roles for binding IC microdomains.