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Simultaneous determination of monomeric and oligomeric alkannins and shikonins by high‐performance liquid chromatography–diode array detection–mass spectrometry
Author(s) -
Assimopoulou A. N.,
Ganzera M.,
Stuppner H.,
Papageorgiou V. P.
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
biomedical chromatography
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.4
H-Index - 65
eISSN - 1099-0801
pISSN - 0269-3879
DOI - 10.1002/bmc.912
Subject(s) - chemistry , chromatography , mass spectrometry , atmospheric pressure chemical ionization , high performance liquid chromatography , electrospray ionization , electrospray , monomer , chromatography detector , liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry , chemical ionization , ionization , organic chemistry , polymer , ion
Alkannin and shikonin (A/S) derivatives have been found in the roots of several Boraginaceous species and are produced through plant tissue cultures. The chiral compounds alkannins and shikonins are potent pharmaceutical substances with a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities such as wound healing, antimicrobial, anti‐inflammatory, anticancer and antioxidant. Although oligomeric A/S derivatives have been detected in root extracts and commercial samples their detection and determination through high‐performance liquid chromatography has not been reported. Therefore, in the present study a rapid, simple high‐performance liquid chromatography–diode array detection–mass spectrometry (HPLC‐DAD‐MS) method was developed to detect, separate and determine monomeric and oligomeric/polymeric derivatives of alkannin/shikonin simultaneously for the first time. An optimization of HPLC‐DAD parameters was performed. Both atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) and electrospray ionization (ESI) modes were applied, in order to compare detection of monomeric and oligomeric A/S. Additionally, oligomeric A/S constituents in several samples were identified and the mode of A/S polymerization was proposed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.