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Screening for pyrrolizidine alkaloids in plant materials by electron ionization RP‐HPLC‐MS with thermabeam interface
Author(s) -
Mroczek Tomasz,
Baj Stefan,
Chrobok Anna,
Glowniak Kazimierz
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
biomedical chromatography
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.4
H-Index - 65
eISSN - 1099-0801
pISSN - 0269-3879
DOI - 10.1002/bmc.388
Subject(s) - pyrrolizidine , chemistry , chromatography , high performance liquid chromatography , ionization , organic chemistry , ion , stereochemistry
Plant samples from leaves of Cerinthe minor , Cynoglossum clandestinum , Echium tuberculatum (as well roots), Eritrichium rupestre , Lithospermum purpureo‐coerulem , Nonnea lutea , Nonnea setosa , Onosma stellulatum and Cynoglossum amabile were screened for toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) with a newly elaborated procedure comprising gradient HPLC with diode array (DAD) and thermabeam electron impact mass spectrometry (EI‐MS). Dried plant material was extracted with boiling 1% tartaric acid in methanol for 2 h on an electric basket and crude extracts puried with cation‐exchange solid phase extraction (CE‐SPE). Puried extracts containing alkaloids were separated on Zorbax SB RP 18 stationary phase in gradient of 0.1% formic acid in methanol. The ow rate was 0.25 mL/min and was suitable both for DAD and EI MS detections. Applied gradient procedure permitted quite sufcient separation of PAs in various plant extracts. On the basis of EI MS spectra, toxic PAs with unsaturated 1,2‐double bond in the necine moiety were found in all plant materials and in nine of them (excluding only Cynoglossum amabile ) for the rst time. They included the following types of structures: 9‐ and 7‐viridioryl‐retronecine monoesters, 9‐angeloyl‐7‐viridioryl‐retronecine, 9‐angeloyl‐retronecine diester, 9‐viridioryl‐retronecine saturated ester, 7‐angeloyl‐9‐viridioryl‐retronecine, 7‐angeloyl‐9‐echimidinyl‐retronecine, trachelanthamine and others. Selected ion monitoring (SIM) chromatograms at m/z 119, 120 and 136 together with analysis of UV spectra from DAD detector can be applied in rapid screening for toxic PAs in new plant extracts but to obtain detailed structural information (molecular weight and stereochemistry) more expensive hyphenation is required. Consumption of all analysed plants should be avoided as carcinogenic and hepatotoxic properties of the alkaloids detected are expected. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.