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Chromatographic and electrophoretic strategies for the chiral separation and quantification of d‐ and l‐ threo methylphenidate in biological matrices
Author(s) -
Allen Serena A.,
Pond Brooks B.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
biomedical chromatography
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.4
H-Index - 65
eISSN - 1099-0801
pISSN - 0269-3879
DOI - 10.1002/bmc.3312
Subject(s) - enantiomer , chemistry , chromatography , capillary electrophoresis , stereoselectivity , pharmacokinetics , stereochemistry , pharmacology , organic chemistry , medicine , catalysis
Commercially available methylphenidate (MPH) exists as a racemic mixture composed of the d‐ and l‐ threo enantiomers. Various pharmacokinetic studies of MPH have shown a greater pharmacological potency of the d‐ threo enantiomer. Furthermore, it was deduced that the stereoselective cleavage of MPH to produce ritalinic acid (RA) by human carboxylesterase results in a higher oral bioavailability of the d‐ threo enantiomer. As a requirement for pharmaceutical regulation authorities, efforts have been made to determine the differential biological distribution of d‐ and l‐ threo MPH and RA enantiomers. In support of these efforts, numerous analytical procedures have been developed for the chiral separation and quantification of MPH enantiomers in a variety of biological matrices. The available methodologies accomplish the enantioseparation and quantification of MPH using gas chromatography, liquid chromatography or capillary electrophoretic techniques coupled with a variety of detectors. The current review discusses the technical procedures involved, and the sensitivity and selectivity of these assays. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.