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Application of mass and energy balance regularities in fermentation
Author(s) -
Erickson L. E.,
Minkevich I. G.,
Eroshin V. K.
Publication year - 1978
Publication title -
biotechnology and bioengineering
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.136
H-Index - 189
eISSN - 1097-0290
pISSN - 0006-3592
DOI - 10.1002/bit.260201008
Subject(s) - biomass (ecology) , yield (engineering) , chemistry , energy balance , carbon fibers , carbon dioxide , substrate (aquarium) , fermentation , fraction (chemistry) , thermodynamics , materials science , organic chemistry , ecology , physics , composite number , composite material , biology
Abstract Material and energy balances for fermentation processes are developed based on the facts that the heat of reaction per electron transferred to oxygen for a wide variety of organic molecules, the number of available electrons per carbon atom in biomass, and the weight fraction carbon in biomass are relatively constant. Mass–energy balance equations are developed which relate the biomass energetic yield coefficient to sets of variables which may be determined experimentally. Organic substrate consumption, biomass production, oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, heat evolution, and nitrogen consumption are considered as measured variables. Application of the balances using direct and indirect methods of yield coefficient estimation is illustrated using experimental results from the literature. Product formation is included in the balance equations and the effect of product formation on biomass yield estimates is examined. Application of mass–energy balances in the optimal operation of continuous single‐cell protein production facilities is examined, and the variation of optimal operating conditions with changes in yield are illustrated for methanol as organic substrate.