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Effect of manganese and other heavy metals on submerged citric acid fermentation of molasses
Author(s) -
Clark D. S.,
Ito K.,
Horitsu H.
Publication year - 1966
Publication title -
biotechnology and bioengineering
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.136
H-Index - 189
eISSN - 1097-0290
pISSN - 0006-3592
DOI - 10.1002/bit.260080402
Subject(s) - citric acid , manganese , chemistry , yield (engineering) , aspergillus niger , pellet , fermentation , nuclear chemistry , ferrocyanide , food science , metallurgy , organic chemistry , materials science , composite material , electrode
Abstract The addition of as little as 2 ppb of manganese to ferrocyanide‐treated beet molasses during citric acid fermentation by Aspergillus niger NRC A‐1‐233 caused a 10% reduction in acid yield and undesirable change in the morphology of the organism from the normal pelletlike form to the filamentous from. Still smaller additions (0.4‐2ppb) caused undesirable pellet clumping, while greater additions (2‐100 ppb) gave further decreases in yield. The yield obtained at 100 ppb was less than 25% of that obtained at 1 ppb or less. None of the other metals tested (Al 3+ , Ca 2+ , Co 2+ , Cu 2+ , Fe 2+ , Mg 2+ , Ni 2+ , Zn 2+ ) visibly changed pellet morphology, and only Al 3+ , Fe 2+ , and Zn 2+ at relatively higher concentrations (5–25ppm) reduced acid yield. The adverse effect of manganese on growth and acid production was not affected by addition of the other metals.