Premium
Effect of different carbon materials as electron shuttles in the anaerobic biotransformation of nitroanilines
Author(s) -
Pereira Luciana,
Pereira Raquel,
Pereira Manuel F. R.,
Alves Madalena M.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
biotechnology and bioengineering
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.136
H-Index - 189
eISSN - 1097-0290
pISSN - 0006-3592
DOI - 10.1002/bit.25896
Subject(s) - chemistry , biotransformation , microporous material , mordant , catalysis , carbon fibers , anaerobic exercise , organic chemistry , nuclear chemistry , enzyme , materials science , physiology , dyeing , composite number , composite material , biology
ABSTRACT Aromatic amines resulted from azo dyes biotransformation under anaerobic conditions are generally recalcitrant to further anaerobic degradation. The catalytic effect of carbon materials (CM) on the reduction of azo dyes is known and has been confirmed in this work by increasing threefold the biological reduction rate of Mordant Yellow 1 (MY1). The resulting m ‐nitroaniline ( m ‐NoA) was further degraded to m ‐phenylenediamine ( m ‐Phe) only in the presence of CM. The use of CM to degraded anaerobically aromatic amines resulted from azo dye reduction was never reported before. In the sequence, we studied the effect of different CM on the bioreduction of o ‐, m ‐, and p ‐NoA. Three microporous activated carbons with different surface chemistry, original (AC 0 ), chemical oxidized with HNO 3 (AC HNO3 ), and thermal treated (AC H2 ), and three mesoporous carbons, xerogels (CXA and CXB) and nanotubes (CNT) were assessed. In the absence of CM, NoA were only partially reduced to the corresponding Phe, whereas in the presence of CM, more than 90% was converted to the corresponding Phe. AC H2 and AC 0 were the best electron shuttles, increasing the rates up to eightfold. In 24 h, the biological treatment of NoA and MY1 with AC 0 , decreased up to 88% the toxicity towards a methanogenic consortium, as compared to the non‐treated solutions. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2016;113: 1194–1202. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.