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Transcriptional regulation of changes in growth, cell cycle, and gene expression of Saccharomyces cerevisiae due to changes in buoyancy
Author(s) -
Coleman Chasity B.,
Allen Patricia L.,
Valles James M.,
Hammond Timothy G.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
biotechnology and bioengineering
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.136
H-Index - 189
eISSN - 1097-0290
pISSN - 0006-3592
DOI - 10.1002/bit.21748
Subject(s) - saccharomyces cerevisiae , gene expression , ficoll , buoyancy , biology , cell cycle , cell growth , yeast , gene , biochemistry , peripheral blood mononuclear cell , physics , quantum mechanics , in vitro
To understand the cellular effects of magnetic traps requires independent analysis of the effects of magnetic field, gravity, and buoyancy. In the current study, buoyancy is manipulated by addition of Ficoll, a viscous substance that can create gradients of buoyancy without significantly affecting osmolality. Specifically, we investigated whether Ficoll induces concentration dependent changes in cell growth, cell cycle, and gene expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae , with special attention paid to the neutrally buoyant concentration of 35% Ficoll. Cell growth and cell cycle analysis were examined in three strains: wild‐type (WT) yeast and strains with deletions in transcription factors Msn4 (Msn4Δ) or Sfp1 (Sfp1Δ). Changes in growth were observed in all three strains with WT and Msn4Δ strains showing strong concentration dependence. In addition, these changes in growth were supported by changes in the cell cycle of all three strains. Gene expression changes were observed in seven GFP‐reporter strains including: SSA4, YIL052C, YST2, Msn4ΔSSA4, Sfp1ΔSSA4, Msn4ΔYIL052C, and Sfp1ΔYIL052C. Buoyancy forces had selective concentration dependent effects on gene expression of SSA4 and YIL052C with transcription factor dependence on Msn4. Additionally, SSA4 expression was dependent on Sfp1. YST2 gene expression was not dependent on changes in buoyancy force. This study shows that buoyancy has selective and concentration dependent effects on growth, cell cycle and gene expression, some of which are Msn4 and Sfp1 dependent. For the first time, SSA4 gene expression is shown to be dependent on Sfp1 and YIL052C gene expression is dependent on Msn4. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2008;100: 334–343. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.