Premium
Nutrient deprivation induces autophagy as well as apoptosis in Chinese hamster ovary cell culture
Author(s) -
Hwang Sun Ok,
Lee Gyun Min
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
biotechnology and bioengineering
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.136
H-Index - 189
eISSN - 1097-0290
pISSN - 0006-3592
DOI - 10.1002/bit.21589
Subject(s) - autophagy , chinese hamster ovary cell , vacuole , apoptosis , programmed cell death , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , cell culture , fragmentation (computing) , dna fragmentation , nutrient sensing , cytoplasm , biochemistry , genetics , signal transduction , ecology
During Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell culture for foreign protein production, cells are subjected to programmed cell death (PCD). A rapid death at the end of batch culture is accelerated by nutrient starvation. In this study, type II PCD, autophagy, as well as type I PCD, apoptosis, was found to take place in two antibody‐producing CHO cell lines, Ab1 and Ab2, toward the end of batch culture when glucose and glutamine were limiting. The evidence of autophagy was observed from the accumulation of a common autophagic marker, a 16 kDa form of LC3‐II during batch culture. Moreover, a significant percentage of the total cells (80% of Ab1 cells and 86% of Ab2 cells) showed autophagic vacuoles containing cytoplasmic material by transmission electron microscopy. An increased level of PARP cleavage and chromosomal DNA fragmentation supported that starvation‐induced apoptosis also occurred simultaneously with autophagy. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2008;99: 678–685. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.