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Effective diffusion rate through a polymer network: Influence of nonspecific binding and intersegment transfer
Author(s) -
Berg Otto G.
Publication year - 1986
Publication title -
biopolymers
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.556
H-Index - 125
eISSN - 1097-0282
pISSN - 0006-3525
DOI - 10.1002/bip.360250506
Subject(s) - chemistry , diffusion , tracer , fluorescence recovery after photobleaching , molecule , chemical physics , polymer , ethidium bromide , dissociation (chemistry) , photobleaching , biophysics , thermodynamics , dna , fluorescence , physics , organic chemistry , biochemistry , quantum mechanics , membrane , biology , nuclear physics
Abstract The effective diffusion rate of a tracer molecule through a polymer network can be influenced by nonspecific binding. If such binding occurs, the local density fluctuations (segmental diffusion) of the network molecules will contribute to the net displacements of tracer molecules. If the network is strongly interconnected by entanglement or cross‐linking, these local motions will only carry the tracer molecules over a small region, and effective transport would require dissociation and reassociation of the tracer molecule to another part of the network. Alternatively, tracer molecules could be transferred directly (intersegment transfer) between different parts of the network whenever they are brought sufficiently close by the density fluctuations. A wormlike‐chain model for the segmental diffusion of a polymer is used to describe the network motions and to derive the effective diffusion rate for a tracer molecule as a function of network density and binding constant with or without intersegment transfer contributing. It is found that the density dependence for the effective diffusion of ethidium bromide through dense DNA solutions studied by photobleaching recovery [R. D. Icenogle and E. L. Elson (1983) Biopolymers 22 , 1949–1966] agrees with an intersegment‐transfer mechanism limited by the segmental DNA motions. The calculations are also applied to a model for the intracellular diffusion of molecules loosely bound to the cytomatrix. If intersegment transfer dominates it can account for the observed size independence for the intracellular diffusion rates of various injected macromolecules.