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Density gradient proportionality constants for a number of aqueous binary solutions
Author(s) -
Ifft James B.,
Martin William R.,
Kinzie Kathleen
Publication year - 1970
Publication title -
biopolymers
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.556
H-Index - 125
eISSN - 1097-0282
pISSN - 0006-3525
DOI - 10.1002/bip.1970.360090505
Subject(s) - chemistry , aqueous solution , alkali metal , binary number , thermodynamics , density gradient , salt (chemistry) , electrolyte , organic chemistry , mathematics , physics , quantum mechanics , arithmetic , electrode
A computer program, based upon the method of Trautman, has been developed to calculate density‐gradient proportionality constants, β 0 , as a function of density for any salt for which density and activity coefficient data are available. Results are given for twenty 1:1 electrolytes at 25°C. These salts are the chlorides, bromides, iodides, and nitrates of the five alkali cations. The program is available for use for any other salt and for a variety of temperatures if the necessary data can be found or measured. Between six and eleven centrifuge runs at different densities were performed fur each of seven of these salts experimentally to determine β 0 . In general, the experimental and theoretical values agree within 3% except at the extremes of density. This demonstrates the validity of the computer program and is the first extensive demonstration that the thermodynamic calculation of density gradients is correct. Five new quadratic relationships between refractive index and density are given.