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Engineered Skin Tissue Equivalents for Product Evaluation and Therapeutic Applications
Author(s) -
Suhail Sana,
Sardashti Naseem,
Jaiswal Devina,
Rudraiah Swetha,
Misra Manoj,
Kumbar Sangamesh G.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
biotechnology journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.144
H-Index - 84
eISSN - 1860-7314
pISSN - 1860-6768
DOI - 10.1002/biot.201900022
Subject(s) - skin equivalent , equivalent , dermis , biochemical engineering , epidermis (zoology) , human skin , biomedical engineering , computer science , nanotechnology , materials science , medicine , in vitro , pathology , chemistry , biology , engineering , keratinocyte , biochemistry , genetics , anatomy
The current status of skin tissue equivalents that have emerged as relevant tools in commercial and therapeutic product development applications is reviewed. Due to the rise of animal welfare concerns, numerous companies have designed skin model alternatives to assess the efficacy of pharmaceutical, skincare, and cosmetic products in an in vitro setting, decreasing the dependency on such methods. Skin models have also made an impact in determining the root causes of skin diseases. When designing a skin model, there are various chemical and physical considerations that need to be considered to produce a biomimetic design. This includes designing a structure that mimics the structural characteristics and mechanical strength needed for tribological property measurement and toxicological testing. Recently, various commercial products have made significant progress towards achieving a native skin alternative. Further research involve the development of a functional bilayered model that mimics the constituent properties of the native epidermis and dermis. In this article, the skin models are divided into three categories: in vitro epidermal skin equivalents, in vitro full‐thickness skin equivalents, and clinical skin equivalents. A description of skin model characteristics, testing methods, applications, and potential improvements is presented.