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CRISPR/Cas9‐Based Counterselection Boosts Recombineering Efficiency in Pseudomonas putida
Author(s) -
Aparicio Tomás,
de Lorenzo Víctor,
MartínezGarcía Esteban
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
biotechnology journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.144
H-Index - 84
eISSN - 1860-7314
pISSN - 1860-6768
DOI - 10.1002/biot.201700161
Subject(s) - recombineering , crispr , trans activating crrna , biology , pseudomonas putida , cas9 , plasmid , mutagenesis , genetics , computational biology , genome editing , gene , selectable marker , mutant
While adoption of single‐stranded DNA recombineering techniques has greatly eased genetic design of the platform strain Pseudomonas putida KT2440, available methods still produce the desired modifications/deletions at low frequencies. This makes isolation of mutants that do not display selectable or conspicuous phenotypes considerably difficult. To overcome this limitation, the authors have merged ssDNA recombineering with CRISPR/Cas9 technology in this bacterium for efficient killing of unmodified cells and thus non‐phenotypic selection of bacteria bearing the mutations of interest. After incorporating the system into standardized pSEVA plasmids the authors tested its functional efficiency by targeting different types of changes that ranged from single nucleotide substitutions to one‐gene deletions—to even the removal of the large flagellar cluster (≈69 kb). Simultaneous introduction of two independent gene deletions was tested as well. In all cases, directing the crRNA/Cas9 complexes toward non‐modified, wild‐type genomic sequences boosted dramatically the appearance of the mutants at stake in the absence of any phenotypic selection. The results presented here upgrade the engineering possibilities of the genome of this environmental bacterium (and possibly other Gram‐negatives) to obtain modifications that are otherwise cumbersome to generate.