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Engineering Saccharomyces cerevisiae for efficient anaerobic xylose fermentation: Reflections and perspectives
Author(s) -
Cai Zhen,
Zhang Bo,
Li Yin
Publication year - 2012
Publication title -
biotechnology journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.144
H-Index - 84
eISSN - 1860-7314
pISSN - 1860-6768
DOI - 10.1002/biot.201100053
Subject(s) - xylose , fermentation , saccharomyces cerevisiae , biochemical engineering , lignocellulosic biomass , metabolic engineering , hydrolysate , biomass (ecology) , xylose metabolism , microbiology and biotechnology , yeast , chemistry , food science , biochemistry , pulp and paper industry , biology , hydrolysis , engineering , enzyme , agronomy
Conversion of the abundant lignocellulosic biomass into ethanol is an environmentally sustainable solution to the energy crisis. Fermentation of lignocellulosic hydrolysates by Saccharomyces cerevisiae is not cost‐effective yet as substantial amounts of xylose in the hydrolysates cannot be utilized by native S. cerevisiae strains. Extensive studies including both metabolic and evolutionary engineering have been carried out to develop an efficient xylose‐fermenting S. cerevisiae strain, yet the ethanol yield and productivity from xylose fermentation of the best one are still far below expectation. This review compares the engineering approaches and resulted anaerobic xylose fermentation performance of recently reported xylose‐utilizing S. cerevisiae strains, with the aim to understand the intrinsic reason for their low xylose fermentation capabilities. These comparative analyses revealed that some of the current engineering targets and the so‐called “hot issues” might be overrated. Our opinions on the underrated parts and future efforts in this field are also presented. Overall, this review serves as a comprehensive reference to understanding xylose fermentation by S. cerevisiae .

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