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Alkaloid production in Vernonia cinerea: Callus, cell suspension and root cultures
Author(s) -
Maheshwari Priti,
Songara Bharti,
Kumar Shailesh,
Jain Prachi,
Srivastava Kamini,
Kumar Anil
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
biotechnology journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.144
H-Index - 84
eISSN - 1860-7314
pISSN - 1860-6768
DOI - 10.1002/biot.200700033
Subject(s) - callus , suspension culture , alkaloid , chemistry , traditional medicine , botany , biology , cell culture , medicine , genetics
Fast‐growing callus, cell suspension and root cultures of Vernonia cinerea , a medicinal plant, were analyzed for the presence of alkaloids. Callus and root cultures were established from young leaf explants in Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal media supplemented with combinations of auxins and cytokinins, whereas cell suspension cultures were established from callus cultures. Maximum biomass of callus, cell suspension and root cultures were obtained in the medium supplemented with 1 mg/L α‐naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 5 mg/L benzylaminopurine (BA), 1.0 mg/L NAA and 0.1 mg/L BA and 1.5 mg/L NAA, respectively. The 5‐week‐old callus cultures resulted in maximum biomass and alkaloid contents (750 μg/g). Cell suspension growth and alkaloid contents were maximal in 20‐day‐old cultures and alkaloid contents were 1.15 mg/g. A 0.2‐g sample of root tissue regenerated in semi‐solid medium upon transfer to liquid MS medium containing 1.5 mg/L NAA regenerated a maximum increase in biomass of 6.3‐fold over a period of 5 weeks. The highest root growth and alkaloid contents of 2 mg/g dry weight were obtained in 5‐week‐old cultures. Maximum alkaloid contents were obtained in root cultures in vitro compared to all others including the alkaloid content of in vivo obtained with aerial parts and roots (800 μg/g and 1.2 mg/g dry weight, respectively) of V. cinerea.