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Molecular targets of [6]‐gingerol: Its potential roles in cancer chemoprevention
Author(s) -
Oyagbemi Ademola A.,
Saba Adebowale B.,
Azeez Odunayo I.
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
biofactors
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.204
H-Index - 94
eISSN - 1872-8081
pISSN - 0951-6433
DOI - 10.1002/biof.78
Subject(s) - apoptosis , tumor necrosis factor alpha , chemistry , nitric oxide synthase , pharmacology , curcumin , antioxidant , caspase , nitric oxide , inflammation , carcinogen , biochemistry , cancer research , biology , programmed cell death , enzyme , immunology , organic chemistry
A wide variety of phenolic compounds derived from spices possess potent antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, antimutagenic, and anticarcinogenic activities. [6]‐gingerol (1‐[4′‐hydroxy‐3′‐methoxyphenyl]‐5‐hydroxy‐3‐decanone) is the major pungent principle of ginger, with numerous pharmacological properties including antioxidant, anti‐inflammation, and antitumor promoting properties. It could decrease inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α) expression through suppression of I‐kappaB alpha (IκBα) phosphorylation, nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) nuclear translocation. Other antiproliferative mechanisms of [6]‐gingerol include the release of Cytochrome c, Caspases activation, and increase in apoptotic protease‐activating factor‐1 (Apaf‐1) as mechanism of apoptosis induction. Taken together, the chemopreventive potentials of [6]‐gingerol present a promising future alternative to therapeutic agents that are expensive, toxic, and might even be carcinogenic.