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The roles of melatonin on kidney injury in obese and diabetic conditions
Author(s) -
Promsan Sasivimon,
Lungkaphin Anusorn
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
biofactors
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.204
H-Index - 94
eISSN - 1872-8081
pISSN - 0951-6433
DOI - 10.1002/biof.1637
Subject(s) - melatonin , diabetes mellitus , endocrinology , medicine , inflammation , proinflammatory cytokine , oxidative stress , kidney , kidney disease , pineal gland , acute kidney injury , type 2 diabetes
Abstract Obesity is a common and complex health problem worldwide and can induce the development of Type 2 diabetes. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a complication occurring as a result of obesity and diabetic conditions that lead to an increased mortality rate. There are several mechanisms and pathways contributing to kidney injury in obese and diabetic conditions. The expansion of adipocytes triggers proinflammatory cytokines release into blood circulation and bind with the receptors at the cell membranes of renal tissues leading to kidney injury. Obesity‐mediated inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction are the important causes and progression of CKD. Melatonin ( N ‐acetyl‐5‐methoxytryptamine) is a neuronal hormone that is synthesized by the pineal gland and plays an essential role in regulating several physiological functions in the human body. Moreover, melatonin has pleiotropic effects such as antioxidant, anti‐inflammation, antiapoptosis. In this review, the relationship between obesity, diabetic condition, and kidney injury and the renoprotective effect of melatonin in obese and diabetic conditions from in vitro and in vivo studies have been summarized and discussed.