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Design and synthesis of two new terbium and europium complex‐based luminescent probes for the selective detection of zinc ions
Author(s) -
Waheed Abdul,
AbdelAzeim Safwat,
Ullah Nisar,
Oladepo Sulayman A.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
luminescence
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.428
H-Index - 45
eISSN - 1522-7243
pISSN - 1522-7235
DOI - 10.1002/bio.3883
Subject(s) - terbium , lanthanide , europium , chemistry , luminescence , zinc , selectivity , fluorescence , chelation , ion , stokes shift , metal ions in aqueous solution , inorganic chemistry , materials science , organic chemistry , optoelectronics , physics , quantum mechanics , catalysis
Zinc plays a key role in many physiological processes and has implications for the environment. Consequently, detection of chelatable zinc ion (Zn 2+ ) has attracted widespread interest from the research community. Lanthanide‐based luminescent probes offer particular advantages, such as high water solubility, long luminescence lifetimes and a large Stokes’ shift, over common organic dye‐based fluorescent sensors. Here, we report the synthesis of terbium and europium complex‐based probes, Tb‐1 and Eu‐1 , for sensitive and selective detection of Zn 2+ in water. These probes featured the incorporation of bis(2‐pyridylmethyl)]amine (DPA) receptor for Zn 2+ chelation and the 1,4,7‐tris(carboxymethyl)‐1,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclododecane (DO3A) ring to chelate lanthanide (Ln 3+ ). Tb‐1 and Eu‐1 displayed high selectivity for Zn 2+ ions over a wide range of competing ions, with limits of detection of 0.50 ± 0.1 μM and 1.5 ± 0.01 μM, respectively. Density functional theory simulations were in good agreement with experimental observations, displaying high Zn 2+ selectivity compared with most competing ions. In the competing ions experiments, the luminescence response of Tb‐1 and Eu‐1 was moderately quenched by some ions such as Cu 2+ , this was linked to the comparable binding abilities of these ions for the receptor of the probe.