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Stopped‐flow chemiluminescence determination of the anticancer drug capecitabine: Application in pharmaceutical analysis and drug‐delivery systems
Author(s) -
Niazi Saei Jalal,
Mokhtari Ali,
Karimian Hossein
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
luminescence
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.428
H-Index - 45
eISSN - 1522-7243
pISSN - 1522-7235
DOI - 10.1002/bio.3786
Subject(s) - capecitabine , chitosan , chemiluminescence , potassium permanganate , chemistry , detection limit , drug delivery , magnetic nanoparticles , dosage form , flow injection analysis , nanoparticle , chromatography , nuclear chemistry , nanotechnology , materials science , cancer , medicine , organic chemistry , colorectal cancer
Capecitabine is a chemotherapeutic agent used for the treatment of patients with metastatic cancers. This study aimed at determining the drug capecitabine in a simple chemiluminescence (CL) system of acidic potassium permanganate using the stopped‐flow injection technique. Statistical methods were used to detect optimum conditions. The method showed two linear calibration ranges from 6.7 × 10 −6 to 6.7 × 10 −5 mol L −1 and from 6.7 × 10 −5 to 2.7 × 10 −3 mol L −1 with a detection limit of 1.5 × 10 −6 mol L −1 . Chitosan‐modified magnetic nanoparticles were studied in the drug‐delivery experiments. According to the pH sensitivity of chitosan and low pH values in tumour cells, the chitosan‐coated magnetic nanoparticles could provide a good targeting drug‐delivery system to tumour sites. To evaluate the applicability of the method, the capecitabine‐loaded magnetic chitosan nanoparticles were synthesized with two different cross‐linkers; loading and releasing rates of the drug were investigated using the proposed CL method and an ultraviolet–visible light spectrophotometric method (absorption at 305 nm). The results showed a good correlation between the two methods, and it was found that the synthesized chitosan‐modified magnetic nanoparticles could be used for pH‐dependent release of capecitabine in cancer cells. Moreover, determination of capecitabine in tablets and synthetic samples was performed.