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Signaling stimulus presentation during treatment with noncontingent reinforcement: Visual versus vocal signals
Author(s) -
Schadler John J.,
Wilder David A.,
Blakely Elbert
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
behavioral interventions
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.605
H-Index - 34
eISSN - 1099-078X
pISSN - 1072-0847
DOI - 10.1002/bin.279
Subject(s) - psychology , reinforcement , stimulus (psychology) , audiology , developmental psychology , cognitive psychology , social psychology , medicine
The independent effects of two signals implemented during treatment with noncontingent reinforcement (NCR) were examined. First, functional analyses showed that problem behavior exhibited by two individuals with developmental disabilities was sensitive to social positive reinforcement. A reversal design was then used to compare the effectiveness of a timer (NCR‐visual) to a vocal statement (NCR‐vocal) indicating when the stimulus would be returned in the context of a NCR procedure. Results showed that NCR reduced problem behavior for both participants. In addition, for one participant, the NCR‐visual condition reduced problem behavior to a greater degree than the NCR‐vocal condition. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.