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Pre‐post Treatment Evaluation by Symmetry Testing in Square Contingency Table
Author(s) -
Havránek T.,
Lienert G. A.
Publication year - 1986
Publication title -
biometrical journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.108
H-Index - 63
eISSN - 1521-4036
pISSN - 0323-3847
DOI - 10.1002/bimj.4710280805
Subject(s) - contingency table , symmetry (geometry) , bivariate analysis , mathematics , square (algebra) , test (biology) , neuroticism , set (abstract data type) , statistics , psychology , calculus (dental) , computer science , medicine , social psychology , personality , geometry , biology , programming language , paleontology , dentistry
Starting from an r × r contingency table derived from ordinal pre‐ and post treatment observations, the traditional Bowker symmetry test is suggested to be replaced by one of the following alternatives (1) a globals test of general improvement, (2) a set of simultaneous symmetry tests of differential improvement without assuming general improvement under H 0 and (3) a set of simultaneous symmetry tests beyond assuming general improvement under H 0 . The tests are illustrated by a bivariate example of observing neuroticism and introversion binarily (+, ‐) before and after Rogerian psychotherapy in a sample of clients.