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Hadamard randomization: a valid restriction of random permuted blocks
Author(s) -
Bailey R.A.,
Nelson P.R.
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
biometrical journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.108
H-Index - 63
eISSN - 1521-4036
pISSN - 0323-3847
DOI - 10.1002/bimj.200390032
Subject(s) - randomization , estimator , restricted randomization , mathematics , statistics , hadamard transform , block (permutation group theory) , variance (accounting) , algorithm , computer science , combinatorics , medicine , randomized controlled trial , surgery , business , accounting , mathematical analysis
Random permuted blocks can result in treatment imbalance if entry to the trial stops in mid‐block. This paper presents a restriction of this method of randomization. The restriction avoids severe treatment imbalance but gives unbiased estimators of the treatment difference and its variance.