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RNA editing: Exploring one mode with apolipoprotein B mRNA
Author(s) -
Chan Lawrence
Publication year - 1993
Publication title -
bioessays
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.175
H-Index - 184
eISSN - 1521-1878
pISSN - 0265-9247
DOI - 10.1002/bies.950150106
Subject(s) - rna editing , polyadenylation , rna , biology , rna splicing , messenger rna , cytidine , genetics , alternative splicing , guide rna , apolipoprotein b , post transcriptional modification , gene , genome editing , biochemistry , enzyme , crispr , cholesterol
Abstract RNA editing is a newly described genetic phenomenon. It encompasses widely different molecular mechanisms and events. According to the specific RNA modification, RNA editing can be broadly classified into six major types. Type II RNA editing occurs in plants and mammals; it consists predominantly in cytidine to uridine conversions resulting from deamination/transamination or transglycosylation, although in plants other mechanisms have not been excluded. Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing is the only well‐documented editing phenomenon in mammals. It is an intranuclear event that occurs posttranscriptionally, coincident with splicing and polyadenylation. Recent observations indicate that the tissue‐ and sequence‐specific process is mediated by an enzyme that has separate domains for editing and sequence recognition. The presence of apolipoprotein B mRNA editing activity in tissues that do not produce the protein suggests that other RNAs may be edited and RNA editing may be a genetic phenomenon of general biological importance to the cell.