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PTEN in the maintenance of genome integrity: From DNA replication to chromosome segregation
Author(s) -
Hou ShengQi,
Ouyang Meng,
Brandmaier Andrew,
Hao Hongbo,
Shen Wen H.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
bioessays
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.175
H-Index - 184
eISSN - 1521-1878
pISSN - 0265-9247
DOI - 10.1002/bies.201700082
Subject(s) - pten , genome instability , biology , genetics , aneuploidy , chromosome instability , mitosis , dna replication , chromosome , genome , cancer research , chromosome segregation , suppressor , cancer , dna damage , gene , dna , pi3k/akt/mtor pathway , apoptosis
Faithful DNA replication and accurate chromosome segregation are the key machineries of genetic transmission. Disruption of these processes represents a hallmark of cancer and often results from loss of tumor suppressors. PTEN is an important tumor suppressor that is frequently mutated or deleted in human cancer. Loss of PTEN has been associated with aneuploidy and poor prognosis in cancer patients. In mice, Pten deletion or mutation drives genomic instability and tumor development. PTEN deficiency induces DNA replication stress, confers stress tolerance, and disrupts mitotic spindle architecture, leading to accumulation of structural and numerical chromosome instability. Therefore, PTEN guards the genome by controlling multiple processes of chromosome inheritance. Here, we summarize current understanding of the PTEN function in promoting high‐fidelity transmission of genetic information. We also discuss the PTEN pathways of genome maintenance and highlight potential targets for cancer treatment.