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Keeping your armour intact: How HIV‐1 evades detection by the innate immune system
Author(s) -
Maelfait Jonathan,
Seiradake Elena,
Rehwinkel Jan
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
bioessays
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.175
H-Index - 184
eISSN - 1521-1878
pISSN - 0265-9247
DOI - 10.1002/bies.201400019
Subject(s) - innate immune system , biology , cypa , immune system , capsid , context (archaeology) , acquired immune system , virology , immunity , cyclophilin a , virus , immunology , microbiology and biotechnology , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , paleontology
HIV‐1 infects dendritic cells (DCs) without triggering an effective innate antiviral immune response. As a consequence, the induction of adaptive immune responses controlling virus spread is limited. In a recent issue of Immunity , Lahaye and colleagues show that intricate interactions of HIV capsid with the cellular cofactor cyclophilin A (CypA) control infection and innate immune activation in DCs. Manipulation of HIV‐1 capsid to increase its affinity for CypA results in reduced virus infectivity and facilitates access of the cytosolic DNA sensor cGAS to reverse transcribed DNA. This in turn induces a strong host response. Here, we discuss these findings in the context of recent developments in innate immunity and consider the implications for disease control and vaccine design.