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Toward an in situ phospho‐protein atlas: phospho‐ and site‐specific antibody‐based spatio‐temporally systematized detection of phosphorylated proteins in vivo
Author(s) -
Teraishi Toshiya,
Miura Kenji
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
bioessays
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.175
H-Index - 184
eISSN - 1521-1878
pISSN - 0265-9247
DOI - 10.1002/bies.200900006
Subject(s) - human protein atlas , proteome , immunohistochemistry , phosphorylation , proteomics , biology , computational biology , in vivo , protein subcellular localization prediction , human proteome project , protein phosphorylation , microbiology and biotechnology , biochemistry , protein expression , gene , genetics , immunology , protein kinase a
The “Human Genome Project” was completed in 2003, shifting the focus to proteome and transcriptome research. One approach to proteomics involves the comprehensive visualization of the localization of proteins in all tissues and organs. We discuss in situ phospho‐protein atlases, which are systematized representations of the localization of proteins. Protein atlases provide important information about the identity and presence of proteins in specific organs, tissues and cells under physiological and pathological conditions. Antibody‐based immunohistochemical analysis is a powerful method for generating a protein atlas. However, it is difficult to localize phosphorylated proteins under in vivo physiological conditions, even with immunohistochemistry, because these proteins tend to be dephosphorylated or phosphorylated due to the experimental manipulations. We also discuss an improved immunohistochemical method for precisely detecting phosphorylated protein, using the detection of phosphorylated ERK1/2 as an example. We consider that it is possible and useful to generate a phospho‐protein atlas.