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Effects of electromagnetic fields emitted from W‐CDMA‐like mobile phones on sleep in humans
Author(s) -
NakataniEnomoto Setsu,
Furubayashi Toshiaki,
Ushiyama Akira,
Groiss Stefan Jun,
Ueshima Kazumune,
Sokejima Shigeru,
Simba Ally Y.,
Wake Kanako,
Watanabe Soichi,
Nishikawa Masami,
Miyawaki Kaori,
Taki Masao,
Ugawa Yoshikazu
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
bioelectromagnetics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.435
H-Index - 81
eISSN - 1521-186X
pISSN - 0197-8462
DOI - 10.1002/bem.21809
Subject(s) - bioelectromagnetics , sleep (system call) , electroencephalography , audiology , wideband , morning , code division multiple access , sleep stages , psychology , medicine , electromagnetic field , computer science , telecommunications , electronic engineering , physics , polysomnography , psychiatry , engineering , quantum mechanics , operating system
In this study, we investigated subjective and objective effects of mobile phones using a Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (W‐CDMA)‐like system on human sleep. Subjects were 19 volunteers. Real or sham electromagnetic field (EMF) exposures for 3 h were performed before their usual sleep time on 3 consecutive days. They were exposed to real EMF on the second or third experimental day in a double‐blind design. Sleepiness and sleep insufficiency were evaluated the next morning. Polysomnograms were recorded for analyses of the sleep variables and power spectra of electroencephalograms (EEG). No significant differences were observed between the two conditions in subjective feelings. Sleep parameters including sleep stage percentages and EEG power spectra did not differ significantly between real and sham exposures. We conclude that continuous wave EMF exposure for 3 h from a W‐CDMA‐like system has no detectable effects on human sleep. Bioelectromagnetics 34:589–598, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.