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Use of the z‐transform to investigate nanopulse penetration of biological matter
Author(s) -
Su S.,
Dai Weizhong,
Haynie Donald T.,
Simicevic N.
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
bioelectromagnetics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.435
H-Index - 81
eISSN - 1521-186X
pISSN - 0197-8462
DOI - 10.1002/bem.20120
Subject(s) - penetration (warfare) , environmental science , mathematics , operations research
Short duration, fast rise time electromagnetic ultra‐wideband (UWB) pulses (“nanopulses”) are generated by numerous electronic devices. Many new technologies involving nanopulses are under development and expected to become widely available soon. Study of nanopulse bioeffects therefore is needed to ensure human safety and to probe the useful range of nanopulses in possible biomedical and biotechnological applications. In this article, we present a new approximation of the Cole–Cole expression for the frequency dependence of the dielectric properties of tissues. The approximation is based on a z ‐transformation of the electric displacement and a second‐order Taylor approximation of the Cole–Cole expression. The approach has been applied to investigating the penetration of nanopulses into biological matter as a function of the dielectric properties of tissue and pulse width. Solutions to Maxwell's equations are calculated using the finite difference time domain method (FDTD). Bioelectromagnetics 26:389–397, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.