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Malformations among 289,365 Births Attributed to Mutations with Autosomal Dominant and Recessive and X‐Linked Inheritance
Author(s) -
Toufaily M. Hassan,
Westgate MarieNoel,
Nasri Hanah,
Holmes Lewis B.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
birth defects research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.845
H-Index - 17
ISSN - 2472-1727
DOI - 10.1002/bdr2.1101
Subject(s) - consanguinity , omim : online mendelian inheritance in man , autosomal recessive inheritance , mendelian inheritance , medicine , genetics , pediatrics , multifactorial inheritance , inheritance (genetic algorithm) , x linked recessive inheritance , hereditary diseases , medical genetics , biology , phenotype , gene , x chromosome , genotype , single nucleotide polymorphism
Background The number of malformations attributed to mutations with autosomal or X‐linked patterns of inheritance has increased steadily since the cataloging began in the 1960s. These diagnoses have been based primarily on the pattern of phenotypic features among close relatives. A malformations surveillance program conducted in consecutive pregnancies can identify both known and “new” hereditary disorders. Methods The Active Malformations Surveillance Program was carried out among 289,365 births over 41 years (1972–2012) at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston. The findings recorded by examining pediatricians and all consultants were reviewed by study clinicians to establish the most likely diagnoses. The findings in laboratory testing in the newborn period were reviewed, as well. Results One hundred ninety‐six (0.06%) infants among 289,365 births had a malformation or malformation syndrome that was attributed to Mendelian inheritance. A total of 133 (68%) of the hereditary malformations were attributed to autosomal dominant inheritance, with 94 (71%) attributed to apparent spontaneous mutations. Forty‐six (23%) were attributed to mutations with autosomal recessive inheritance, 17 associated with consanguinity. Seventeen (9%) were attributed to X‐linked inheritance. Fifteen novel familial phenotypes were identified. The family histories showed that most (53 to 71%) of the affected infants were born, as a surprise, to healthy, unaffected parents. Conclusion It is important for clinicians to discuss with surprised healthy parents how they can have an infant with an hereditary condition. Future studies, using DNA samples from consecutive populations of infants with malformations and whole genome sequencing, will identify many more mutations in loci associated with mendelizing phenotypes. Birth Defects Research 110:92–97, 2018.© 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.