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Reproductive and Neurobehavioral Effects of Ethiprole Administered to Mice in the Diet
Author(s) -
Tanaka Toyohito,
Inomata Akiko
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
birth defects research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.845
H-Index - 17
ISSN - 2472-1727
DOI - 10.1002/bdr2.1092
Subject(s) - offspring , urination , physiology , biology , toxicity , reproduction , reproductive toxicity , medicine , endocrinology , pregnancy , urinary system , ecology , genetics
Background Few studies were found for neurobehavioral toxicity of the phenylpyrazole insecticide ethiprole in mammals. This study was designed to evaluate the reproductive and neurobehavioral effects of ethiprole exposure in mice. Methods Ethiprole was given in the diet to provide levels of 0 (control), 0.0003, 0.0009, and 0.0027% from 5 weeks of age of the F 0 generation to 11 weeks of age of the F 1 generation in mice. Selected reproductive and neurobehavioral parameters were measured. Results Movement time increased with a significant dose‐related trend, and frequencies of mice with urination increased in the high‐dose group of adult males in the F 0 generation. The average body weight of male and female offspring increased significantly in treatment groups at postnatal days (PNDs) 7, 14, and 21. Surface righting on PND 7 of male offspring was accelerated in a significant dose‐related trend. In female offspring, olfactory orientation on PND 14 was accelerated significantly on the route of higher‐dose groups, and time of all treatment groups. Total distance, movement time, average speed, and average time of movement significantly decreased, and frequencies of mice with urination increased in a significant dose‐related trend in male offspring in the F 1 generation. Longitudinal patterns of spontaneous behavior differed in the number of horizontal activities, movement time, and average speed in treatment groups in males. The number of horizontal activities of females decreased in a significant dose‐related trend through 120 min. Conclusion The dose levels of ethiprole in the present study produced several adverse effects in neurobehavioral parameters in mice. Birth Defects Research 109:1568–1585, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.