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Nitrile‐converting enzymes: An eco‐friendly tool for industrial biocatalysis
Author(s) -
Ramteke Pramod W.,
Maurice Navodita G.,
Joseph Babu,
Wadher Bharat J.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
biotechnology and applied biochemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.468
H-Index - 70
eISSN - 1470-8744
pISSN - 0885-4513
DOI - 10.1002/bab.1139
Subject(s) - nitrile , nitrile hydratase , biocatalysis , enzyme , nitrilase , chemistry , toxicology , biology , medicine , organic chemistry , ionic liquid , catalysis
Abstract Nitriles are organic compounds bearing a CN group; they are frequently known to occur naturally in both fauna and flora and are also synthesized chemically. They have wide applicability in the fields of medicine, industry, and environmental monitoring. However, the majority of nitrile compounds are considered to be lethal, mutagenic, and carcinogenic in nature and are known to cause potential health problems such as nausea, bronchial irritation, respiratory distress, convulsions, coma, and skeletal deformities in humans. Nitrile‐converting enzymes, which are extracted from microorganisms, are commonly termed nitrilases and have drawn the attention of researchers all over the world to combat the toxicity of nitrile compounds. The present review focuses on the utility of nitrile‐converting enzymes, sources, classification, structure, properties, and applications, as well as the future perspective on nitrilases.