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Ultraviolet advanced oxidation for indirect and direct potable reuse in California
Author(s) -
Bernados Brian
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
awwa water science
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 2577-8161
DOI - 10.1002/aws2.1192
Subject(s) - reuse , reverse osmosis , potable water , pollutant , ultraviolet , chlorine , environmental science , advanced oxidation process , environmental chemistry , chemistry , water pollutants , waste management , pulp and paper industry , membrane , environmental engineering , materials science , organic chemistry , wastewater , engineering , optoelectronics , biochemistry
There is high interest in the use of ultraviolet (UV) treatment processes for potable reuse. Advanced and alternative technologies are reviewed at the California Division of Drinking Water. UV is the predominant process used for advanced oxidation (AOP) for projects involved in potable reuse. Potable reuse with and without AOP is discussed. UV AOP is highly effective at inactivating microbiological pathogens and oxidization of organics that pass through the reverse osmosis (RO) membrane. While RO is extremely effective at removing most organic chemicals, there are a few, such as N ‐nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), that are removed at less than 90% because of factors such as low molecular weight. With a high dose of UV, the N ‐ N bond is broken and thus can be used to degrade nitrosamines, such as NDMA. UV AOP is also highly effective at removing many unregulated compounds such as 1,4‐dioxane and other chemical pollutants that may be found at trace levels in RO permeate.